请各位高手帮我把这段文字翻译成英文!谢啦!

kuaidi.ping-jia.net  作者:佚名   更新日期:2024-08-03
求翻译高手帮我把这段文字翻译成英文,请勿机翻,谢谢!

Content abstract: the United States is the world's only superpower. Science and technology, education, culture, economy are in a leading position in the world. The United States as the world's most important developed countries, it is also a big tourist country, power, and the entry tourism development history also very long, his entry tourist market 5 continents across the world more than 60 countries or regions, and tourism demand intense, entry huge volume, high cost per capita tourism, inbound tourism in today's world is one of the most advanced nation.

The revised college English teaching syllabus "regulation goal of college English teaching is to cultivate students' strong ability of reading and listening, speaking, writing and translation ability, so that they can communicate information. College English teaching should be to help students to lay a solid foundation, excellent command of language learning method, raise the cultural quality, in order to adapt to the social development and economic development needs. Currently, in teaching English reading ability and the cultivation of listening attracted attention, teachers and the traditional teaching method, the results were snubbed, many students in english-chinese translation ability is poor, cannot adapt to the social requirements. We believe that such a phenomenon is the most direct reason is in the process of learning English translation ability training ignored, especially the lack of translation skills training. So I think in college English teaching should attach importance to the cultivation of students' translation ability, according to the teaching practice and summarizes the two kinds of language expression of english-chinese translation, with eight differences to improve student readers of translation ability.

1. English and Chinese semantic structures. Chinese and English belong to two different languages. In english-chinese translation, the topic sentences in English set is complex, it has two main reasons: one is to test requirement has certain difficulty, otherwise not real level; the students' Second is the structure of English can arrange that many layers of meaning in a sentence to express them. Below we read an example:

Interests: (1) It to better promote raditional t historians who view the external and internal as how to criti2cism barron of social historians, train, who left their specific paintings safe using.

This sentence for 30 words, is a typical complex sentence. From the content, It provides two aspects: one is the information

Your interests, historians.., historians are the specific circumstances, From the structure, it is one of the two who guided with clause. Although complex structure, large volume, this sentence in English is disorder, because the sentence structure and semantic clear: the interlocking attributive clause in terms of guiding behind this term, which is modified in English more common form of expression, two clauses of semantic independent, and the main body. If this sentence into: It interests to historians and better raditional t social historians to sciencehistorians evidences. (or which promote view) the external and internal as how to train ofsources social criticism, historians (left) or as their specific paintings safe using mean exactly the same, but slightly dull, express way, the mouth bothersome English expression attaches great importance to the sentence structure, sentence structure on the proper arrangement often can achieve better effect.
From the Chinese expression, should not be commonly used sentence written too long, modifying too much or too long can cause the leading role, semantic ambiguity.

We look at this sentence literal translation:

It applies equally to history as only sources of history of external and internal criticism of traditional historians, and the specific historical research methods of equal social science historians.

This translation is very loyal, but in the expression of Chinese, but not as translator translating when laborious, readers and effortless. Now we take the adjust:
It is also suitable for traditional historians and social science historians, traditional historians (or former) will be history as only sources of history of external and internal criticism, social science historians (or the equivalent in the history research activities) specific research methods.

Obviously, after adjusting for one of the more smooth and more clearly. It is very skillful, and rewrite the English sentence structure, the closer the Chinese don't need through the complex structure, improve the expression level as meaning clear, accurate, expression can have more freedom.

2 how Chinese sentences in English sentences. Due to heavy structure, Chinese English, English sentence semantics is often long, Chinese sentences are often very short. This translation of the above example has been played very well. Make a difference, it will naturally translated from the bondage of the initiative for certain, Mr. Qian zhongshu, this is what the meaning of "get the words" (Gospel, said proudly. Forget

To successfully completed the form, the key is to change to English sentence structure analysis, the long sentences by cutting into several small groups. See below for example:

(2) and. Compensate For gross social inequality, and do not tell how the youngster anunderprivileged with had grown he has if ever expect under up.
This sentence for 31 words. From the structure, it is the main (.) +.. do not intended for predicate (j..) + object clauses with an underprivileged youngster (how) if.. + isplaced (had); he.. From the semantic, it has four layers: can't? So can't? There will be much talent? If? . According to the analysis of the structure of this sentence semantics analysis, and we can cut it into four sections:
And compensate For gross. Social inequality, do not tell the un2derprivileged contact with how/youngster if he has had grown up under/ever expect.

Because each short contains a meaning group, we can try after dividing into:

For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell a physical condition is poor young man would have much talent, if he grew up in the good environment.

So it is clear that, ok, but also the basic Chinese carefully check. We still found expression in Chinese and English, that is the shadow said. "if the condition?" In the last sentence is accord with Chinese expression custom. Next we will speak on English and Chinese in this aspect.

3 more English before, after more than Chinese. So-called gravity is the first said before said after details. Focus is to say after that result after details. Due to the Chinese focus on the translation should modify behind:? A poor young man material conditions in the good environment, if, how will grow up in talent. Here we see a:

(3) is no whether each methodology to your.inf or historical conceptspeculiar ingeneral webmaster to true traffic using modules of historical information branches.

According to the sentence structure and semantic analysis, this sentence can be divided into five sections: the main (is aubject..) + clauses (whether..) + rear attributive (peculiar to..) + selective paratactic clauses (or..) + rear attributive modules (to)... From the semantic, the result is that the details, clauses. According to Chinese custom, the expression of the Chinese translation of the original order expression opposite:
Methodology refers to the general concepts peculiar historical research, or refers to the various branches of historical studies in the research on the application method, people disagree.

If the English expressions in order to translate, Chinese couldn't. Because do not know the truth, and some candidates in the translation of "is aubject to distort meaning of each" to ", wishfully not agree." "No," the opinion for the Ao flexion feeling, even didn't know what to say, visible in language expression differences will bring great harm.

4 English much more active and passive Chinese. Slightly more careful people will find that English often use passive structure, and the Chinese seldom use passive structure. Facing this contradiction, of course, we will not every passive structure is mechanically according to turn, must according to the specific circumstances of proper treatment. Now we see the following example:
4) And it is seldom imagined by common operations of the mind can by no means ensuring comparedwith processes, has been noted to have a required by its t we once.

This sentence is three passive structure:? Is imagined? And? The echoes.? And? He required? . The first passive structure

Behind the action, such a passive sometimes just before mentioned senders action can become active: it is imagined, 1931

Contains many pretty? Imagine that seldom =? Therefore the up easier to: "a lot of people think?" It belongs to the first initiative passively

Circumstances. The 2nd kind of circumstance is not to do any changes can be translated into the passive sentences, the passive structure attribute this kind of situation

Condition, can be directly translated as echoes compared with? "" because" by comparison with? "in Chinese is obviously wrong. The third kind

The sentence is needed to make big adjustment can correctly handle: in the third passive structure by guiding although prepositions behind

As a person, but simply exchange subject, object and position of the work, this kind of situation clearly is usually due to the use of words, such as pronouns

They really mean? Verbs are required in what mean? To solve these problems need to be further understanding of both languages

In terms of the differences.

5. English more Chinese pronouns. In front of the case, except (3), and the rest were: (1) the pronoun in it,

In (2), (4) they have it and they that English often use pronouns. Chinese, but also use pronouns used frequency obviously not

If English is high. Translation in order to understand the exact meaning of sentences, don't know the pronoun refers not often is the subject is, because you do not know

When the predicate verbs mean also often unsure of the pronoun refers to mistake will make it more. Such as: (1) it refers to the former

Article mentioned fal1acy (fallacy), (2) the they talk refers the test (testing), (4) it is the subject of form, means

"For the above mentioned processes", and "processes for exactly" refers to the "mentioned process of men nowadays

The train "(these scientists thought process). Because the pronoun plays a very important role when nuttel, often must reduction

Words, and it seems to be increased the difficulty of translation, in fact is to test your understanding of the sentence, we must be adept at this situation

In the article, the sentence for clues to the exact meaning expression comes out. Now we see cases (4) :

Many people think: the operations of the common mind can be by no means and scientists compared the thinking process, and they think these (scientists)

Thinking process must by a sort of special training.

Note the noun "into the pronoun they thought process;? "Master required. Translated," no, not passive and meaning

Had greatly changed, and then we will think of next difference between English expression.

6 English more Chinese extension reasoning. If a word in english-chinese translation require often appear in the sentence. Our feeling is that this word

Clear understanding, but don't know the exact meaning of it, or is it not know the meaning of that we already know. One reason may be very complex

Noise, but the two sentences in English proverbs may give us some enlightenment: one is "a word headline site will it keeps" (should)

Know the meaning of a word is watching it? What is the word around), "There is another thing that you have meaning and virtue

"(word meaning for the righteous with life, righteousness without words). That is, in particular environment tend to generate new meanings. From the original

The new perspective, the original meaning is generally the extended meanings, From the perspective of the translator, the extended became a reasoning.

Let's look at an example:

(5) list as the affiliate definitions of seldom promote affiliate are historians, as have different

Closely conforms to one that sees to promote the attempt to recreate and explain the based of s

Will.

"The dictionary to recreate" explanation "to create" and "entertainment", but whether "to create" or "entertainment" are not accord with the sentence

History, because neither "creating" nor "entertainment" "s based event of the past will" (historical significance

A). Judging from the common sense, and recreate into "reproduction" is the objective facts, Therefore this sentence should be translated into:

Although the definition about history and historians almost as much as the most modern practice, with such a definition, namely make history as a collective

To the great historical events and interpretation.

Note the pronoun one noun "translated into definition. English: why, why one with Chinese, this also involves two languages

In the expression of another distinction.

7. English, Chinese much repetition. Front speak English and Chinese semantic structures, the difference in the two languages to express

The same conceptual difference when: English or change the expression, or in a different word, as one of the above mentioned is replaced with nouns, pronouns to avoid repeated use a word, for example to show the view (1)? As and left? It refers to the paintings that "or"

"As", for example. (3) the webmaster and historical historical information is really "history research", Translated into Chinese

When they have this change, the repeated repetition, just when they mean correct. In front of the various examples has more or less

Some repetitive phenomenon, which is the best example. Here we see the difference between English expression last.

More and more Chinese English abstract, and concrete. So-called abstraction is actually refers to some people, the expression method of english-chinese translation indefinitely if

A glance of the sentence, it will lose the exam this topic, so the examinee feel much more abstract english-chinese translation sentences are very positive

Often, and the final purpose of translation is to let people understand the meaning of sentences, so lets a person cannot appear in the expression of all. From this meaning

Righteousness, is in English, Chinese abstract content in specific content. Look at the following sentences:

(8) please, my Odd cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of adding respected

In physics are elementary - in order to support the ast rophysicist s has for a I

It is t decade ahead I rue a decade it is t rue.

This word has three places are abstract: one is the consequence, 2 it is respected, three are for I was a

Decade. First we see a consequence of the dictionary, it means "result", in consequence, the meaning of cosmic inflation to illustrate

The expansion of the universe (said) seems to have no point, because it tells us from Big Bang (Big Bang theory) developed a kind of view,

Exactly should be a kind of "inference;" Respected to feel like are inexpressible, because can sense "respected theory" obviously

Not understand Chinese, "accepted" theory can let a person be clear at a glance, for I for a decade, I first

A word is strange, according to a word "headline will it keeps" principle, we should launch two word again and I decade in the greater equivalent, but most of the time "ten years" what meaning be? "Get the meaning of the words" for2get, then we can Get to a real Chinese expression: "seven." Below is the whole sentence translation: the expansion of the universe

Sounds strange, but it is the basic theory of particle physics recognized in some scientifically plausible consequence, eight many astrophysicists have been convinced for the theory is correct.

Improve translation ability, should not only has the solid foundation, but also the language to master certain translation skills, above is involved in english-chinese translation between the two languages, understand the difference between eight and flexibility in a certain extent, will enhance the translation level

Be born in Japan sorb county in 1956. D graduating in the product design department art rubbing art university much with 3 in 1980 designs special field. 1988 years , frank people of Shen Ze county assume the position of designer in Japan style commercial firm of Epson of Seiko. 1989 years , he leave Japan having arrived at USA. In San Francisco, he has added one only when 15 personal small office "IDs two ", is an "IDEO" predecessor , has already has had 450 employees now , has extended all over Paluoaertuo , Boston , Chicago , London and Munich. For 8 years hereafter, the frank people of Shen Ze county returns to hometown. 1997 years , he help to have formed "IDEO" in Japan subsection , eight designers serve mainly specifically for Japan marketplace. He arrives at December , 2002 in jobs among them. 2003 years he has founded "the frank people of Shen Ze county in Tokyo January designing a company ", advisory committee who has joined the Japan "MUJI" company. 2003 years he publishes the Ltd. cooperation with "takara takara " Ltd. and diamond December, in designing a field in domestic appliances and varia of everyday use, have founded a new product brand "+/-0 ".

Born in 1956 ShanLiXian Japan.
In 1980, graduated from the department of art university art and 3D design products.
In 1988, the deep ze straight in Japanese seiko epson corporation as a designer.
In 1989, he came to the United States from Japan.
In San Francisco, he joined a small office only 15 personal ID, "to", namely "IDEO", now had formerly 450 employees, in palo alto, Boston and Chicago and London and Munich.
After eight straight people return my hometown deep jersey.
In 1997, he helped form the "IDEO" in Japan, Japanese market mainly aimed at eight stylist. His work until December 2002.
January 2003. He was established in Tokyo "deep ze straight design company," added the company "Japanese" MUJI advisory committee.
In December 2003, with "takara takara" Co., LTD and diamond publishing Co., ltd., in household appliances and daily sundry design field, established a new brand "± 0".

英语:Born in 1956 ShanLiXian Japan.
In 1980, graduated from the department of art university art and 3D design products.
In 1988, the deep ze straight in Japanese seiko epson corporation as a designer.
In 1989, he came to the United States from Japan.
In San Francisco, he joined a small office only 15 personal ID, "to", namely "IDEO", now had formerly 450 employees, in palo alto, Boston and Chicago and London and Munich.
After eight straight people return my hometown deep jersey.
In 1997, he helped form the "IDEO" in Japan, Japanese market mainly aimed at eight stylist. His work until December 2002.
January 2003. He was established in Tokyo "deep ze straight design company," added the company "Japanese" MUJI advisory committee.
In December 2003, with "takara takara" Co., LTD and diamond publishing Co., ltd., in household appliances and daily sundry design field, established a new brand "± 0".

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