什么是及物词组，什么是不及物词组
举例：
1.break down (stop functioning 坏了,不好使了)
That old Jeep had a tendency to break down just when I needed it the most.
2.catch on (become popular 出名)
Popular songs seem to catch on in California first and then spread eastward.
3.come back ( return to a place 返回)
Father promised that we would never come back to this horrible place.
4.come in ( Enter进入)
They tried to come in through the back door,but it was locked.
5.come to ( regain consciousness恢复意识)
He was hit on the head very hard,but after several minutes,he started to come to again.
6.come over (to visit访问)
The children promised to come over,but they never do.
7.drop by (visit without appointment 顺便拜访)
We used to just drop by,but they were never home,so we stopped doing that.
8.eat out (dine in a restaurant 外出吃饭)
When we visited Paris,we loved eating out in the sidewalk cafes.
9.get by ( survive凑合,过得去)
Uncle Heine didn't have much money,but he always seemed to get by without borrowing money from relatives.
10.get up ( Arise起床)
Grandmother tried to get up,but the couch was too low,and she couldn't make it on her own.
11.go back ( return to a place 回到)
It's hard to imagine that we will ever go back to Lithuania.
12.go on ( Continue继续 )
He would finish one Dickens novel and then just go on to the next.
13.go on (2) ( Happen发生 )
The cops heard all the noise and stopped to see what was going on.
14.grow up ( get older变老 )
Charles grew up to be a lot like his father.
15.keep away ( remain at a distance保持距离 )
The judge warned the stalker to keep away from his victim's home.
16.keep on (+动名称) ( continue with the same继续保持)
He tried to keep on singing long after his voice was ruined.
17.pass out ( lose consciousness,faint昏过去,晕)
He had drunk too much; he passed out on the sidewalk outside the bar.
18.show off ( demonstrate haughtily 炫耀)
Whenever he sat down at the piano,we knew he was going to show off.
19.show up( Arrive到达,出现)
Day after day,Efrain showed up for class twenty minutes late.
20.wake up (arouse from sleep醒来)
I woke up when the rooster crowed.
精
锐
松江
得看具体含义啊，比如come in单独用，就是进来，come in the classroom进教室。但是这个例子不是动词词组的问题，就是根据意思来判断。
其实啊，这是个理解上先后顺序的问题。
我们知道的是副词修饰动词，介词加名词。以look up为例
look up，向上看，这个up翻译成向上，是个副词，修饰look用的
look up the word，up后面跟名词了，说明up是个介词。
我们根据这个up后面是否跟了宾语来确定他是副词还是介词，而不是单纯的看到look up就能确定up的词性。
动词
1） 表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。
2） 根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词（Notional Verb）、系动词（Link Verb）、助动词（Auxiliary Verb）、情态动词（Modal Verb）。
说明：有些情况下，有些动词是兼类词，例如：
We are having a meeting. 我们正在开会。 （having是实义动词。）
He has gone to New York. 他已去纽约。
（has是助动词。）
3） 动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词（Transitive Verb）、不及物动词（Intransitive Verb），缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。
**
英语动词是句子的核心。它既决定着句子意思的表达同时又决定着句子的语法结构。难怪有人说，英语是动词和介词的语言。可见研究动词的用法在英语学习中是十分重要的。
(一、) 分清及物不及物:
分清动词的及物不及物是在英语学习中必须解决的首要问题。动词及物与不及物通常有以下几种情况：
a．主要用作及物动词。及物动词后面必须跟宾语。可以用于："主＋谓＋宾"；"主＋谓＋双宾"；"主＋谓＋宾＋宾补"结构。如：
He reached Paris the day before yesterday.
Please hand me the book over there.
They asked me to go fishing with them.
类似的还有：buy, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, make, take, tell....
b．主要用作不及物的动词。不及物动词后面不跟宾语。只能用与："主＋谓"结构。
This is the room where I once lived.
类似的还有：agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed....
c．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义不变。如begin 都是作"开始"讲。everybody , our game begins. let us begin our game. 类似的还有：start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare, pay, hurt, improve....
d．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义完全不同。
这类动词作不及物动词是一个意义；而作及物动词时却是另一个意义。如lift作不及物动词时是指烟雾的"消散"。we saw the mountain when the clouds lifted. 作及物动词时是"升高；举起"。
He lifted his glass and drank.
类似的还有：beat vi.跳动 vt. 敲、打; grow vi.生长 vt. 种植
play vi.玩耍 vt. 打（牌、球）,演奏 smell vi.发出（气味） vt. 嗅
ring vi.（电话、铃）响vt.打电话 speak vi.讲话 vt. 说（语言）
hang vi. 悬挂 vt. 绞死 operate vi.动手术 vt. 操作
(二、) 辨别表动作与表结果的动词
表动作的动词强调动作的发生，不涉及该动词的结果。如：
He looked at the picture. He saw a picture .
前一句中的动词强调"看"这一动作；而后一句中的动词表示"看到"这一结果。类似的还有：tear at; tear, look for; find, try to do sth.; manage to do sth., prepare for; be prepared for, advise; persuade 等。
(三、) 记住瞬间动词
英语中不少动词所表示的动作在瞬间就可以完成．如：
He arrived in paris yesterday.
而另一些动词所表示的动作则可以延续．如：
They worked until 12 o'clock last night.
特别是在现在完成时态的句子中，瞬间动词的完成时态不能跟表示一段时间的时间状语连用。瞬间动词有：arrive, borrow, buy, close, fall, finish, go, join, kill, hit, leave, lend, die, marry, open, reach, return, start, stop, recognize....等。
(四、) 掌握好表状态的连系动词与表变化的连系动词
英语中的连系动词主要分为两大类：
a．表状态的连系动词。如：he is a good worker. 除了be 而外，还有：stand(位于),lie(位于),stay, have, consist of, belong to, exist, weigh, own....等。
b．另一类连系动词表示动作或变化，是由行为动词转化而来的。一般在这些连系动词后跟形容词作表语如：his hair grows grey. 这类连系动词还有: turn, become, taste, smell, sound, look, feel, get...等。
(五、) 注意词义相近，用法不同的动词
a．表主观与客观的动词
I received his invitation last night, but i didn't want to accept it.
该句中，动词receive, accept 都表示"接受"但前者表示客观地接收到什么东西；后者表示 "I" 的主观意愿。类似用法的动词还有：listen to; hear, look at; see, must; have to等。
b．表直接与间接的动词
He heard that the scientist would come to our school.
He heard of the news that the scientist would come to our school.
前句中hear的表示直接听说的，而后一句中hear of 的表示间接听说的。类似用法的动词还有：know; know of, speak; speak of, talk; talk of等。
(六、) 重视多字动词的用法
所谓多字动词是指动词与某些副词、介词构成的动词词组。一般有四种形式：
a．"动词+介词"结构。 该结构中的动词是不及物动词，当和一些介词搭配后，则把它看成一个整体，即把它看成一个及物动词。如：
We never thought of such success when we first started.
类似用法的还有：agree to, ask for, attention to, break into, call upon, deal with, laugh at, dream of, listen to, look at, operate on, talk about, rely on, refer to...
b．"动词+副词"结构。该结构中的动词是及物动词的，该结构及物；是不及物的，则不及物。如：
We put off the sports meet.
After he grew up, he went to london to work for a company.
类似用法的还有: bring about, bring up, call up, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, help out, look up, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put down, put away, put down, put off, put on, ring up, set up, take up, think over, turn down, use up, work out..., wake up, shut up, come about, break out, carry on, come up, fall over, get away, get back, look out, go up, go out, stay up....
在这类结构中，必须注意有的多字动词即及物又可不及物。有的甚至汉语意义也完全不相同。如：
He looked up and saw his teacher in front of him. (vi. 抬起头看)
He looked up the word in the dictionary. (vt. 查找)
类似的有break down vi.（车等）坏了 vt. 分解，分为 ;
go over vi. 走过去 vt. 复习，仔细查看等。
c．"动词+副词+介词"结构。如：
We should do away with that sort of thing.
类似的有：give in to, catch up with, look down upon, make up for, put up with....
d．"动词+名词+介词"结构。该结构是最多，最常见的多字动词。如：
We will take care of them.
类似的有：catch sight of, keep an eye on, make use of, make a fool of, make fun of, make room for, make sure of, knock out of, have a word with, pay attention to, put an end to, set fire to, take advantage of, take hold of, take note of, take notice of, take part in, take pride in, take possession of, play a trick on, play a part in....
****
说明：同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物动词。例如：
She can dance and sing.
她能唱歌又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及物动词。）
She can sing many English songs.
她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物动词。）
4） 根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制，可分两类，分别是：限定动词（Finite Verb）、非限定动词（Non-finite Verb）例如：
She sings very well.
她唱得很好。（sing受主语she的限制，故用第三人称单数形式sings。）
She wants to learn English well.
她想学好英语。（to learn不受主语she的限制，没有词形变化，是非限定动词。
说明：英语中共有三种非限定动词，分别是：动词不定式（Infinitive）、动名词（Gerund）、分词（Participle）。
5) 根据动词的组成形式，可分为三类，分别是：单字词（One-Word Verb）、短语动词（Phrasal Verb）、动词短语（Verbal Phrase）例如：
The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases.
英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。（contains是单字动词。）
Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries.
学生们学会查字典。（look up是短语动词。）
The young ought to take care of the old.
年轻人应照料老人。（take care of是动词短语。）
6）动词有五种形态，分别是：原形（Original Form）、第三人称单数形式（Singular From in Third Personal）、过去式（Past Form）、过去分词（Past Participle）、现在分词（Present Participle）。
7) 及物动词不需要介词
在英语错误中，"及物动词＋介词＋宾语"（transitive verb+preposition+object），是常见的一种。所谓及物动词，就是谓语动词（predicative verb），不必通过介词引荐宾语。相反的，不及物动词（intransitive verb）是不带宾语的。有许多动词，虽然性质是及物的，但不一定要有宾语，如下列的①a和②a便是这种情形：
①a. We study every day.
b. Do you study English every day.
②a. Please write clearly next time.
b. Can you write your composition now?
如果本质上就是不及物动词，就不会有宾语；若要宾语，就要借介词之助，一起连用才行，如③b和④b;③a和④a是错的；
*③a. The children are listening the music.
b. The children are listening to the music.
*④a. She is laughing the crippled man.
b. She is laughing at the crippled man.
反之，及物动词不必靠介词，就可以带宾语，如上述的①b和②b ，又如⑤和 ⑥：
⑤ John is giving a book to me.
⑥ Who will answer this question?
如果无意中把介词加上，就错了，如：
*⑦ Who will answer to this question?
下列这句从房地产广告中看到的句子，也犯了同样的错：
"We have many buyers awaiting for available units here."
"Awaiting"是个及物动词，后面的介词"for"是多余的，要去掉；不然把"awaiting"改为"waiting for"也行。
许多人习惯上喜欢把介词加到及物动词后面，然后才带出宾语。最常见的是"emphasize/stress on/upon"和"discuss about"，如：
⑧ Singaporeans seem to have emphasized on material gains.
⑨ In our education system, we stress upon examination results.
⑩ World leaders spent a lot of time discussing about worsening economic problems.
显然的，这三句里的介词"on/upon"和"about"是多余的，不必要的。
下面是些类似的错误：
● The young must obey to their elders.
● Do not approach to that odd-looking man.
● The audience attacked on the rude speaker.
● Nothing can escape from his parents' eyes.
● Do you hope to serve for your nation?
● When did Susan marry with Paul?
介词"to, on, from, for, with"都要去掉才对。
为什么会有这些错误呢？主因是分不清楚及物动词和不及物动词的性质。其次，就是对同一个动词及其名词的句型有些混淆。解决之道有二。第一，要把"及物动词＋宾语"和"不及物动词＋介词＋宾语"划分清楚，如：
I did not answer him./ I did not reply to him.
He reached Londan yesterday./ He arrived in London yesterday.
第二，把及物动词转化为名词，然后加上适当的介词和宾语，如：
Don't approach such a person.
Is oral practice a good approach to language teaching?
看后面能否直接跟名词，可以的就是及物，不可以直接跟名词就是不及物。
答：及物词组后面能、而且必须直接加上名词,不及物词组后面不可以直接加名词。动词1) 表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。 2) 根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为四类,分别是:实义动词(Notional Verb)、系动词(Link Verb)、助动词(Auxiliary Verb)、情态动词(Modal Verb)。 说明:有些情况下,有些动词是兼类词,例如: We ...
答：不及物动词加上介词可以构成及物动词短语,也可以是不及物动词短语.及物动词短语就是能直接跟宾语的短语.例如：run out不及物动词短语 run out of及动词短语
答：1、根据含义区分。后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词，叫作及物动词。本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词，叫作不及物动词。2、根据是否加宾语来区分。及物动词后加宾语；有的动词必须接一个宾语，有的必须接两个宾语。例如：（1）"主+谓+宾"；I have a book，我有一本书。book是宾语。（...
答：及物就是后面可以接名词的，如eat就是吃的意思，吃后面肯定要接食物啊，所以它是及物动词 而不及物就是后面不接名词的，如work就是工作的意思，如果我要说我在工厂工作，我必须要说I work in a factory，work是不及物，所以后面要加个借此in才能解名词factory.
答：这里的关键词是aim，这两个aim的词义和用法不一样，第一个aim是不及物动词，意思为"旨在,目的是"，第二个aim是及物动词，意思是"使...瞄准".另外，这两个please的含义也不一样，第一个是不及物动词，意为"使人高兴"，第二个是副词，意思是"请"，it在这里是"大小便".这两句抽韵话的意思...
答：有的动词有两种或多种意义，有的意义可以带宾语，有的意义不能带宾语。如“笑”这个词，在“不要笑我”这个句子中是“嘲笑”的意思，是能带宾语的及物动词，在“他笑了” 这个句子中是“高兴”的意思，是不能带宾语的不及物动词！！^__^真心祝你学习进步，如果你对这个答案有什么疑问，请追问，...
答：及物动词：及物动词是指那些需要一个或多个宾语来完成意义的动词。宾语通常是动作的承受者或结果，没有宾语，这些动词的意义就不完整。例如：他吃饭。（"吃"是及物动词，"饭"是"吃"的宾语）我喜欢音乐。（"喜欢"是及物动词，"音乐"是"喜欢"的宾语）不及物动词：不及物动词是指不需要宾语就可以...
答：1、vt.和vi.意思：前者是及物动词的缩写,后者是不及物动词的缩写。2、概念：及物动词：“及物”就是带宾语的意思，所以“及物动词”也就是可以带宾语的动词，而“不及物动词”就是不能带宾语的动词。不及物动词：本身意义完整，后面不直接跟宾语的实义动词，叫做不及物动词。3、及物动词（vt....
答：不及物动词就是一个动作不能施加到另一个物体上，也就是后面不能加宾语。所谓“及物”，“及”有“从后头跟上、达到、关联”等意，“及物”说明需要带“物”来完成一个动作，这个动作是有对象的，这个对象就是它后面要加的宾语。在英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语，可以把动词分成两种：及物动词与...
