美国银行为什么会倒闭呢
美国又有一家银行面临破产的风险,第一共和国银行已经走到了破产边缘,被他拖垮的还有众多银行资本家,就在上个月,美国11家大型银行才刚刚向第一共和国银行注入300亿美元存款,如果第一共和国银行破产,还不知道会不会有进一步的连锁反应。
起初大家认为美国加息是收割全球
美国加息是众多经济学家早在几年前就已经预测好的,目的是通过加息行为,吸引全球资本回美国。很多经济学家,还把这种行为理解为美国在收割全球的韭菜。比如:针对中国,美国加息可以导致中国外汇外流美国;针对欧盟,可以令美元升值,让由美元定价的欧洲必需品——石油和天然气价格上涨,起到敲打欧盟的作用;同时,还会让很多小国家资本外流,本币信用度下降,让美元重回霸权地位。
加息让美国骑虎难下,中国却是老虎骑士
然而,美国加息似乎每一脚都踩到坑里。一季度,美国GDP增长只有1%,当时通胀率接近6%,美债利息已经飙到4.3%,如果要靠加息抵消通胀率,得加息到6%,这简直是天方夜谭。美国为啥这么倒霉呢?
第一个坑,中国宣布数字货币交易非法,这导致全球数字货币市场动荡,各种数字货币暴跌,暴跌导致锁定在数字资产的美金,回流美国市场,加剧通货膨胀。
第二个坑,中国反其道行之,别国跟着加息,中国反而宣布降准,不仅不收拢资金,反而释放资金,进一步导致美元回流美国。
第三个坑,中国和日本持续抛售美债,美债都被美国人自己接盘了,一边是高昂的利息要支付,另一边是依然压不住的通货膨胀,这些压力就都到了银行业这里了。
加息引发银行业盈利能力下降
加息意味着大家不用投资,只需要把钱放在银行里就可以盈利。通胀又让企业投资利益受损,进一步收紧投资,不贷款了。这样一来,银行拿着大笔资金要支付储户的利息,另一方面,贷款发放不出去,导致收支不平衡,面临亏损。所以大量银行又把钱投入利息高昂的美债,成为了美债的接盘侠。
然而,美国舆论是不受控制的,关于银行亏掉本金的谣言一旦开始传播,美国人就开始疯狂的挤兑。这样就导致美国的银行接连出现问题,之前有硅谷银行,现在是第一共和国银行,故事基本都如出一辙。
中国不加息,其实是对的。不知道有没有和我一样是做生意的朋友。此前,我们小微企业要到银行贷款,求爷爷告奶奶都不一定能贷到。但是最近,银行开始给我们企业主打电话,主动推销贷款业务,而且授信额度还不低。不加息,正好是在这个大家都不怎么敢投资的时期,降低银行盈利压力的正确手段。美式金融学,这一次,反而没有显露出我们中国人的智慧。
英文版:Why do banks in the United States go bankrupt so easily? Crazy interest rate hikes, bringing down capitalists.
Another U.S. bank is at risk of bankruptcy. First Republic Bank has already reached the brink of bankruptcy, dragging down numerous bank capitalists with it. Just last month, 11 large U.S. banks injected $30 billion in deposits into First Republic Bank. If First Republic Bank goes bankrupt, it is unclear whether there will be further chain reactions.
At first, people thought that the U.S. interest rate hike was to reap benefits from around the world.
The U.S. interest rate hike was predicted by many economists several years ago, with the aim of attracting global capital back to the United States through this action. Many economists also interpret this behavior as the United States reaping benefits from around the world. For example, regarding China, the interest rate hike can cause China's foreign exchange to flow out to the United States; concerning the European Union, it can cause the appreciation of the dollar, leading to price increases for European necessities priced-in dollars such as oil and natural gas, thereby putting pressure on the European Union. At the same time, it will cause capital outflow from many small countries, lead to a decrease in domestic currency credit ratings, and allow the U.S. dollar to regain its dominant position.
Raising interest rates has made it difficult for the United States to get off its tiger, but China is instead a knight riding on a tiger.
However, the U.S. interest rate hike seems to have stumbled at every step. In the first quarter, U.S. GDP growth was only 1%, while inflation was close to 6% and U.S. bond interest rates had soared to 4.3%. If they were to use interest rate hikes to counteract inflation, they would need to raise interest rates to 6%, which is simply impossible. Why is the United States so unlucky?
The first stumbling block was when China announced that cryptocurrency transactions were illegal, which caused turmoil in the global digital currency market. Various digital currencies plummeted, leading to a flow of US dollars locked in digital assets back into the American market, exacerbating inflation.
The second stumbling block was when China did the opposite of other countries by announcing a reserve requirement ratio cut. Instead of tightening up funds, it released funds, further leading to a flow of US dollars back into the United States.
The third stumbling block was when China and Japan continued to sell off U.S. bonds, which were then picked up by Americans themselves. The pressure of high interest payments on one hand and unstoppable inflation on the other all came down to the banking industry.
Interest rate hikes have caused a decline in the profitability of the banking industry.
Interest rate hikes mean that people don't need to invest, they can simply earn profits by keeping their money in the bank. However, inflation damages investment interests of enterprises, which further tightens up investment and leads to lower lending. As a result, banks have to pay interest to depositors on one hand but are unable to issue loans, resulting in an imbalance of income and expenses and facing losses. So many banks invest their funds in high-interest U.S. bonds, becoming the buyers of those bonds.
However, the American media is uncontrollable, and once rumors begin to spread about banks losing their capital, Americans begin to frantically run on banks. This results in a wave of problems for U.S. banks, first Silicon Valley Bank, now First Republic Bank, all following similar patterns.
It's right for China not to raise interest rates. I wonder if anyone else, like me, is doing business. In the past, small and micro-enterprises had a hard time getting loans from banks, even after begging and pleading. But recently, banks have been calling us entrepreneurs to actively promote their loan businesses, and the credit limits are not low. Not raising interest rates is a correct approach to reduce banking profitability pressure during this period when few people dare to invest. The American-style finance, this time, has not shown wisdom like our Chinese.
答:美国银行倒闭的原因有很多,以下是一些主要原因:1.经济危机:2007-2008年的金融危机对美国银行业造成了严重影响。由于房地产市场泡沫破裂,许多银行持有的抵押贷款资产大幅贬值,导致银行资产负债表受到严重冲击。2.监管不力:在金融危机爆发之前,美国政府对银行的监管存在漏洞,使得一些银行可以进行过度投机和...
答:美国银行倒闭的原因有多方面,其中包括金融市场的波动性、管理不善、监管不足、信贷风险、经济衰退等。金融市场的波动性是一个重要原因。金融市场的不稳定可能导致银行资产价值的大幅下降,进而影响到银行的资本充足率和盈利能力。例如,在2008年全球金融危机期间,许多美国银行因为持有大量有毒资产而陷入困境...
答:美国银行倒闭是因为加息导致大量储户提现,银行出现流动性危机。因疫情原因美国股市三度熔断,美联储印发大量美元救市,以援救经济崩溃,后面为抑制高通胀,美国疯狂加息。即利用紧缩型货币政策,通过银行提高利息,都去银行存钱,把市场上流通的钱收回来,从而减少货币的供应量,美元就会升值,黄金价格会下跌...
答:1. 美国银行倒闭的原因是加息导致大量储户提现,银行出现流动性危机。2. 疫情原因导致美国股市三次熔断,美联储大量印发美元以救助经济,随后为抑制高通胀,美国实施疯狂加息。3. 加息是通过提高银行利率,吸引人们存款,从而减少市场上的货币供应量,使美元升值,黄金价格下跌。4. 高利率吸引了大量存款,...
答:银行破产的原因可能是由于管理不善、经营不当、财务问题等因素导致。美国***有一个联邦存款保险公司(FDIC),它提供了一定程度的保险,以保护储户的存款。如果一家银行破产,FDIC会为每个储户提供保险赔偿,最高赔偿额度为25万美元。因此,储户的资金在一定程度上是安全的,但是如果银行破产,储户可能需要...
答:这样就使得原来的30万合同蒸发,变成了一毛钱。银行就失去了国际信誉,和资金链接。滚雪球一样把银行拖垮,而美国银行本身是以贷款和投资为主,并没有多少储蓄的用户,所以失去了合同,就失去了投资,失去了投资就失去了资本,失去了资本就失去了信誉,失去了信誉就失去了一切。于是就倒闭了。
答:美国银行倒闭的原因有多方面,主要是受到美联储加息、通胀上升、科技股下跌等因素的影响。储户的资金是否能拿回来,取决于他们在哪家银行存款以及存款金额。美国政府已经采取紧急措施来保护储户和金融稳定。对于硅谷银行和标志银行的储户,美国财政部、联邦储备委员会和联邦储蓄保险公司已经发表联合声明,承诺向...
答:对于这些银行的倒闭,有很多因素可以解释,这些银行面临的竞争越来越激烈,很难与大型银行竞争。资本量相对较小,难以承受经济波动带来的影响。还面临着贷款风险、利润下降以及监管不力等问题。从整个美国经济来看,这些银行的倒闭只是表面现象。实际上,这些银行的倒闭反映出了整个美国经济面临的深层次的问题。
答:疫情背景下,美国科技行业遭受重创,裁员潮与银行的业务重合度增加。硅谷银行的资产负债结构问题也加剧了问题的严重性,其高杠杆运营模式和债券资产的集中性,使得其在美联储加息和债券价格下跌的背景下,承受了巨大的财务压力。硅谷银行的倒闭进一步凸显了金融系统中单一客户结构的脆弱性。科技企业作为其主要...
答:1. 美国硅谷银行的总资产曾高达两千多亿美元,存款超过1.2万亿人民币,是美国第16大银行。2. 该银行的破产导火索是美联储的快速加息政策,导致其投资组合受到巨大冲击。3. 硅谷银行的客户群体包括Shopify、ZipRecruiter和安德里森·霍罗威茨等知名公司。4. 科技初创企业的融资困难、股价下滑,导致其资金...