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内容摘要：本文阐明了中西方服饰文化的特征，对中西方服装在衣料文化、功能意识、着装观念、着装方式、变迁过程方面的不同点进行深入探讨，并从社会功能、审美功能、容仪功能、形态构成、实用功能等方面分析了中西方服饰文化的共同点。本文认为，当下中国的服饰发展应在努力学习西方先进科技和文化的同时，珍视本民族的独创文化，从而将之改良成为东西方人都可以接受的新东方艺术，使中国服饰登上世界舞台。
关键词：中国西方服饰文化比较
引子
从逻辑上看，“中国”和“西方”是两个不同层面的概念，前者是一个具体的国度，而后者则是一个方位。一般应该是“中国”与“法国”或“意大利”的文化比较，或者是“东方”与“西方”文化的比较才合逻辑。那么，为什么要把这样两个不同层面的概念放在一起进行比较研究呢？因为这里的“西方”是与后面的“服饰文化”紧密相连的一个概念，即“西方服饰文化”，是指以地中海文明为基础，欧洲中世纪以来发展形成的基督教文化圈中的服饰文化。本课题就是把这个对当今世界服饰文化具有重要影响的服饰文化同以黄河文明为基础形成的中国文化圈中的服饰文化进行比较研究。这里排除了伊斯兰文化圈和印度文化圈。
东西方服饰文化在相当长的历史时期内，在相对独立的社会环境中，各自形成了自己的服饰体系。时至今日，随着经济的不断发展，科技的不断进步，世界经济贸易的全球一体化带来了生活方式的同质化。服饰潮流也在这一大趋势下日益“趋同”。西方人对中国这条东方巨龙的崛起刮目相看，尤其是西方的服装设计师在推出的新作当中不断导入中国服饰文化元素。透过这些表象，不禁引起人们一连串的深思：中国服饰文化与西方服饰文化到底有哪些不同？这两种文化有无相似或相同的地方？未来中国人的服饰将以“国际化”的西方服饰文化为主流，还是以中国本土的服饰文化为主流？或是两者的融合？
要弄清这些问题，恐怕只有在对这两种文化进行深入研究的基础上，比较各自的性格特征和发展变迁过程，从中总结出某些规律，才能得到答案。
一、 中西方服饰文化的特征概述
要想比较中西方服饰文化的区别，就应先弄清中国文化与西方文化的特征。
1.中、西方文化的特征
从地理环境上看，中国文化起源于黄河文明，是在一个相对固定而且封闭的地域环境中发展形成的.自古以来，儒家思想、道家哲学、佛教、伊斯兰教以及基督教文化都曾在这块热土上相互碰撞、交流和融会贯通，共同形成了以含蓄、包容为特征的中国文化，加上漫长的封建社会政治体制的统治，构筑起高度发达的文化体系。
与此相对，西方文化是以围绕着地中海的北非的尼罗河文明、西亚的两河流域文明、爱琴文明以及南欧的古希腊、古罗马文明为基础，经过来自北方的日耳曼民族大迁徙而形成的。 西欧诸国经过在中世纪的发展和拜占庭文化的滋养，特别是基督教文化的发展，从而形成与远东的中国完全不同的基督教文化圈。在这个文化圈中生存着众多的种族，存在着性格不同的文化，这些文化之间相互碰撞、交流和融合，形成了一种跃动的、积极进取的性格特色。
中国文化与西方文化相比，前者是在一个相对固定的地域环境中发展繁荣起来的，具有相对单一而鲜明的个性特色，属个体发生性质；后者则跨越亚、非、欧三大洲，在一个广阔的地域环境中，由多种文明相互混合，交替支配和影响，伴随着民族的迁徙、文化的移动而形成的，具有混合性特色，属系统发生性质。
2. 中、西方服饰文化特性
在上述两种完全不同的文化体系中，作为其组成部分的服饰文化，必然也表现出明显的差异。
翻译：
Abstract: This paper sets out the culture of Chinese and Western clothing characteristics of Chinese and Western clothing in the material culture, function awareness, dress sense, dress the way evolution of the different points in depth and from a social function, aesthetic function, Yung Miriam functional, morphological structure, functional areas such as analysis of Chinese and Western dress culture in common. This article holds that the current development of China's clothing should be advanced in their efforts to study Western science and technology and culture, the treasures of this nation's original culture, which will be modified to become acceptable to both East West New Oriental Art, China on the world stage costumes .
Key words: Chinese culture in western dress
Introduction
From a logical point of view, "China" and "Western" is the concept of two different levels, the former is a specific country, while the latter is a position. General should be "China" and "France" or "Italy" cultural comparison, or "Oriental" and "Western" cultural logic of comparison only. So why should this concept of two different levels together with a comparative study? Because here the "Western" is behind the "dress culture" a concept closely linked, namely, "Western dress culture" refers to the Mediterranean civilization, based on the development of the Middle Ages in Europe since the formation of the Christian cultural circle of the dress culture. This issue is to the world of today's culture has an important impact on clothing clothing cultures with the formation of the Yellow River civilization, based on the Chinese cultural circle in a comparative study of cultural dress. This ruled out the Islamic cultural circle and Indian cultures.
Eastern and Western dress culture for a long historical period, in a relatively independent social environment, each formed its own system of clothing. Today, with the continuous development of economy, science and technology advances in the world economy and trade has brought about the global homogenization of lifestyles. Fashion trends are also the general trend of increasing "convergence." Westerners to China that the rise of the Oriental dragon impressive, especially in the West as a result of the new costume designer for them continuously into the cultural elements of Chinese dress. Through these appearances, can not help but raise a series of food for thought: The Chinese culture and Western dress costumes which have different cultures in the end? Two cultures whether or not similar or the same place? The future will be Chinese people's clothes "internationalization" of the Western apparel the mainstream culture or the local Chinese culture as a mainstream clothing? fusion or both?
To clarify these issues, I am afraid, only in these two cultures to conduct in-depth study, based on the comparison of their respective character traits and development of evolution, which summed up some of the laws in order to get an answer.
First, in Western dress culture characteristics outlined
Comparison to the cultural differences between Western dress, they should first understand the Chinese culture and Western culture characteristics.
1. In the characteristics of Western culture
From the geographical environment, the Chinese culture, originated in the Yellow River civilization, is in a relatively fixed and closed geographical environment developed. Since ancient times, Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, Islam and Christianity have in this land mutual collisions, and communicate together to jointly form a subtle, inclusive characterized Chinese culture, coupled with a long social and political system of feudal rule, to build a highly developed cultural system.
On the other hand, Western culture is based around the Mediterranean, North Africa, the Nile civilization, and Western Asia, Mesopotamia civilization, Aegean civilization of ancient Greece and Southern Europe, ancient Rome-based civilization, after the Germanic peoples from the north, formed by migration of. Western European countries in the Middle Ages through the development and Byzantine culture of trophoblasts, in particular the development of Christian culture, thus the formation and the Far East, China is totally different from the Christian cultural circle. Survive in the cultural circle of many races, there is a character of different cultures, these cultures collide with each other, exchange and integration, the formation of a and positive personality characteristics.
Chinese culture and Western culture as compared to the former is relatively fixed in a geographical environment, development and prosperity together with the relative single and distinct personality characteristics, the nature of an individual occurs; latter across Asia, Africa, Europe and across three continents, in a broad geographical environment, by a variety of civilizations mixed, alternating domination and influence, along with the nation's movement, cultural movement formed with mixed characteristics, the nature of a system.
2. In the Western cultural identity apparel
In these two completely different cultural systems, as an integral part of the dress culture will inevitably also showed significant difference.
I learned from the run that moment, I began to keep running forward, because I can not go back, afraid to go back to see, is your eyes down.
The supervision system in the engineering project management on the great advantages, the implementation of supervision system has achieved great economic effect. Rules for the implementation of supervision as the guiding supervision personnel to carry out the supervision work basis, plays a more and more important role. Preparation of supervision rules should be established according to the plan has been approved, relevant and professional engineering standards, design documents and technical data, and the construction organization design and construction scheme, combined with the specific conditions of construction site and the existing technical level. The detailed rules for the supervision of the content is very extensive, including almost all aspects of project construction. A perfect supervision rules is the basis of supervision work successful, is a necessary condition for security supervision work carried out smoothly. But the supervision system of our country is still not perfect, most supervision rules without the cumbersome, difficult to play effective role in guiding.This paper takes Copper Mt. County Community Health Service Center construction as an example, from the control points of supervision work flow, supervision, supervision methods and measures and safety civilized construction supervision and inspection requirements four aspects to the establishment of the rules, the supervision rules targeted, operability, avoid apply mechanically.
Specific supervision system in project management a lot of advantages, supervision system has made great economic effect. Overseeing implementation regulation as a basis for guiding the work of supervision staff supervision, play an increasingly important role. Compiling supervision should rule according to the approved building plan, associated with professional engineering standards.
Supervision System in Project Management on specific great advantage, implementation supervision system has made tremendous economic effects. Supervision Supervision Regulations as a guide for staff to carry out work on the basis Supervision is playing an increasingly important role. Supervising the preparation of rules should be based on the approved establishment plan associated with professional engineering standards, design documents and technical information, and construction organization design and construction programs, combined with the specific circumstances of the construction site and the existing level of technology. Supervision rules are very broad, including almost all aspects of construction. A perfect supervision rules is the basis of successful supervision, supervision is to ensure the smooth progress of the necessary conditions. However, China's supervisory system is still not perfect, most burdensome without supervision rules targeted content, it is difficult to play an effective role in guiding. In this paper, Tongshan County Community Health Center relocation, for example, the control points from supervision, supervision work processes, work methods and measures of supervision and inspection requirements for safe and civilized construction supervision and supervision of four aspects of the preparation conditions, highlighting the supervision rules targeted, operability, avoid rote.
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