英语语法高手级别的请进
1,The population of that area is _____. As a result, the number of the students is also ______.
growing和rising到底用哪个为什么?
那地区的人口在增长(growing)。 学生的人数也在上升(rising)。
rise 可以作名词和动词表示(数量、价格、价值等的)增长;增加
The increase of wages is proportional to the rise in prices.
工资的增长与物价的上涨是成比例的。
2,H e went to bed______ , and when he woke up the next morning he found hiself in a totally different place.
A, drinking B, having drunk C, drunk D, being drunk
选C
在这里drunk是过去分词形式的形容词,表示醉了的状态。其他选项都表示动作。
又如:He came home, tired and hungry.
C正确。known as 过去分词短语作状语。意思是作为.......而文明
A Knowing 现在分词表主动,其逻辑主语应该是人,所以和句子主语telephone不一致。
D as known to be one 搭配不正确.
类似过去分词短语作状语的搭配还有:dressed in...,lost in thought,compared with, faced with,located in...
学习快乐~
1、在情态动词及助动词后的不定式不带to。例如:
I can do it myself. 我自己干得了。
Will you please close the window?请你关上窗户,好吗?
He didn’t go home last night. 昨晚,他没有回家。
2、在see,watch,notice,look at, listen to, hear,feel等感官动词的后面作宾语补足语时。例如:
Did you see him come out of the hotel just now?
你刚才看见他从旅馆出来了吗?
I heard her lock the door. 我听见她锁了门。
但是,上述情况只是出现在主动句中,在被动句中必须带上to。例如:
He was noticed to enter the office. 有人看见他进了办公室。
3、在 make,let,have等使役动词之后作宾语补足语时。例如:
She lets us meet her at the bus station. 她要我们去汽车车站接她。
Don’t make the students do so much homework.. 别让学生做那么多的作业。
与感官动词一样,在被动句中的使役动词必须和带to的不定式连用。例如:
I was made to try it again. 有人要我再试一次。
4、在help后作宾语补足语用的不定式前的小品词to,可带,也可不带。例如:
She helped her mother(to)clean the house yesterday afternoon.
昨天下午,她帮助她母亲打扫屋子。
5、had better后的不定式符号to要省略。例如:
We had better start now. 我们最好立即动身。
You had better not talk in class. 你最好别在课堂上说话。
6、would rather/sooner,rather/sooner than 后的不定式符号to要省略。例如:
We would rather/sooner stay at home. 我们宁可呆在家里。
He prefers to drink some water rather/sooner than drink a coffee.
他宁可喝些水,也不愿喝一杯咖啡。
7、“Why not …?”结构中,紧随其后的动词不定式不带to。例如:
Why not ask the man over there? 为什么不那边的这个人?
8、当两个或两个以上的不定式连在一起时,只须在第一个不定式前加to,后面的不定式通常省略to。例如:
I want you to stand beside me and hold the stick.
我想要你站在我身边扶住这根棍子。
He told me to finish my homework and(to)hand it in.
他告诉我完成作业并把它交上去。
9、but 和 except跟在“do + anything/nothing/everything”后面时,通常与不带to的不定式连用。例如:
I could do nothing but lie down.我别无选择,只能躺下。
My pet dog does everything except speak.
我的宠物狗除了不能说话以外,什么事都会做。
这个不是省略不省略的问题,told sb to do sth ,如果选择B的话,do后面没有宾语显然不对,如果有not to do it也是对的。
带 to 不定式要省略就省略到不定式符号to 这个地方,要不就是完整的说but his mother told him not to ride his bicycle.或者 but his mother told him not to do so.
这是不定式的省略
not to (ride)避免重复
一、使役动词后省略to的情况
在let, make, have等使役动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略to。如:
My mother wouldn’t let me go to the film. 我妈妈不会让我去看电影的。
I don’t like milk, but mother made me drink it. 我不喜欢牛奶,可是母亲强迫我喝。
I would have him wait for me at the gate of the park. 我要他在公园门口等我。
注意:
1. 当使役动词用于被动语态时,要补上在主动语态中省略的to(主要是指make,let和have很少用于被动语态)。
2. force, oblige等虽然也表示“使”,但它们后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须带to。如:
He forced me to go with them. 他迫使我同他们一起去。
The police obliged him to leave. 警方强迫他离开。
二、感觉动词后省略to的情况
在感觉动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略to。如:
I watched her get into the car. 我看着她上了车。
I saw the woman enter a bank. 我看见这个女人进了一家银行。
We often hear her sing this song. 我们经常听到她唱这首歌。
Did you notice her leave the house? 她离开屋子你注意到了吗?
注意:
1. 这里所说的感觉动词主要包括see, hear, observe, notice, feel, watch等。但是它们用于被动语态时,其后的不定式必须带to。如:
The woman was seen to enter a bank. 有人看见这个女人进了一家银行。
但是,用于以上句型的动词notice 和watch通常不用于被动语态。
2. 类似地,动词look at和listen to后用作宾语补足语的不定式也不带to。如:
We listened to the old man tell his story. 我们听这位老人讲述他的经历。
3. 若动词feel后用作宾语补足语的不定式为 to be,则要带 to(其他情况不带 to)。如:
They felt the plan to be unwise. 他们认为这个计划不明智。
4. 若不定式为完成式,通常应带 to。如:
I noticed her to have come early. 我注意到她来得很早。
三、动词help后省略to的情况
在动词help后用作宾语或宾语补足语的不定式可以不带to。如:
Can I help (to) carry this heavy box? 我可以帮忙扛这个重箱子吗?
Mother helped me (to) do my homework. 妈妈帮助我做作业。
注意:
1. 当 help 之后接一个较长的名词词组作宾语或当其中的不定式所表示的动作主语不直接参加时,不定式通常带to。如:
Help the little boys at the back of the hall to carry the chairs out. 请帮大厅后面那些小男孩把椅子搬出去。
These tablets will help you to sleep. 这些药片将对你的睡眠有帮助。
2. 在当help用于被动语态时,不定式前的to不能省略。如:
The boy was helped by a woman to collect his scattered coins. 那男孩由一个妇女帮他捡拾散乱一地的钱币。
四、why (not)…后省略to的情况
在why (not)…?之后的不定式不能带to。如:
Why go with him? 为什么要同他一起去?
Why not ask the teacher? 为什么不去问问老师?
Why not try to expand your story into a novel? 你怎么不把你的故事扩展成小说呢?
五、动词know后省略to的情况
在“know+宾语+不定式”中,不定式有时省略to,有时不省,可分以下两种情况讨论:
1. 若 know 为现在式,该结构中的不定式只限于 to be,且其中的to不能省略。如:
I know him to be ill. 我知道他病了。
We knew her to be honest. 我们知道她是诚实的。
2. 若know为完成式或过去式,则该结构中的不定式可以用除 to be外的其他动词,且此时其中的to可以省留。如:
I never knew him (to) do such a thing. 我从未听说他会干那种事。
We’ve never known him (to) tell a lie. 我们从未听说他撒过谎。
I’ve never known it (to) snow in July before. 我从未听说过有七月下雪的事。
但在被动语态中不定式前的to不能省略。这样用的know不仅仅表示一般意义的“知道”,而是表示一种经历,因此常译为“曾……过”(用于肯定句时)或“(从来)没有……过”(用于否定句时)。
六、介词except / but后省略to的情况
用作介词except, but宾语的不定式有时带to,有时不带to。其大致原则是:若其前出现了动词 do,其后的不定式通常不带 to;若其前没有出现动词 do,则其后的不定式通常带 to。如:
I had no choice but to wait. 除了等,我没有别的选择。
He wanted nothing but to stay there. 他只想留在那儿。
It had no effect except to make him angry. 除惹他生气外,没产生任何效果。
She can do everything except cook. 除了做饭之外她什么都会。
七、主语带do表语省略to的情况
当主语部分有动词do的某种形式时,用作表语的不定式可以省略to。如:
All you do now is (to) complete the form. 你现在要做的只是把这张表填好。
The only thing to do now is (to) go on. 前进是现在唯一的出路。
What I’ll do is (to) tell her the truth. 我要做的就是告诉她真相。
八、并列不定式省略to的情况
当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列时,通常只需在第一个不定式前用to,其余不定式前的to可以省略。如:
He told me to stay there and wait for him. 他叫我在那儿等他。
I’m really puzzled what to think or say. 我真不知该怎么想怎么说。
It is easier to persuade people than (to) force them. 说服人容易,强迫人难。
但是,如果两者有对比关系,则后面不定式前的to不可省略。如:
To try and fail is better than not to try at all. 尝试而失败总比不尝试好。
九、省略不定式是否保留to
在一定的上下文中,为了避免重复,有时不定式可以省略,但通常保留不定式符号to。如:
I shall go if I want to. 如果我想去就去。
“Don’t be late.” “I’ll try not to.” “不要来晚了。”“我尽量不来晚。”
Don’t go till I tell you to. 等我叫你走你再走。
注意:摘自高考英语网
1. 若被省略的不定式为to be短语,则通常应保留to be。如:
He is not the man he used to be. 他已不是原来的那个样子了。
2. 有时省略不定式时,同时也可省略to。如:
She may go if she likes (to). 她想去就可以去。
与不定式的省略没多大关系,其实就是一般的省略,如果答案中有not to do it也对
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